Lycosidae Sundevall, 1833

Family |   ACCEPTED
N.B.: according to Brignoli, 1983c: 432, "Guy (1966, 1969) has proposed many synonymies and has downgraded many genera to subgenus rank; as this author based his conclusions more on nomenclature than on the study of material (or even of the original descriptions)", Platnick (WSC 15.0) did not accept Guy's conclusions; the changes by Guy, 1966 are noted (except where more recent work has superseded them); Guy, 1969 is merely a literature compilation that reflects those changes and is not cited separately; several genera of Lycosidae have been found not to be monophyletic (Murphy et al., 2006). Piacentini & Ramírez, 2019: 233-237 confirm ten valid subfamilies of Lycosidae: Venoniinae Lehtinen & Hippa, 1979, Zoicinae Lehtinen & Hippa, 1979 (= Piratinae Zyuzin, 1993), Evippinae Zyuzin, 1985, Sosippinae Dondale, 1986 (= Hygrolycosinae He & Song, 1996), Artoriinae Framenau, 2007, Tricassinae Alderweireldt & Jocqué, 1993 (= Arctosinae He & Song, 1996), Hippasinae Simon, 1898, Allocosinae Dondale, 1986, Pardosinae Simon, 1898 (= Wadicosinae Zyuzin, 1985) and Lycosinae Sundevall, 1833; the family is not monophyletic per Kulkarni, Wood & Hormiga, 2023: 518, f. 17-18.
Gen. Wadicosa Zyuzin, 1985 urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:01676
N.B.: the type was originally Lycosa venatrix Lucas, 1846, but it was misidentified by Zyuzin (see Wunderlich, 1987a: 236) and was fixed instead as W. fidelis by Kronestedt & Zyuzin, 2009: 814; see Kronestedt, 1987: 975, for comments on possible congeneric species, and Zehethofer, 1998 for discussion of a species from Borneo.

In synonymy:

Wadicosa armillata (Schenkel, 1936, T from Pardosa) = Wadicosa fidelis O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872 (Yu & Song, 1988c: 117, sub Pardosa venatrix, contra Hu & Li, 1987b: 291, who placed armillata as a junior S of P. birmanica instead)

Wadicosa bhatnagari (Sadana, 1971) = Wadicosa fidelis O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872 (Tikader & Malhotra, 1980: 329, sub Pardosa birmanica, see Kronestedt, 2017b: 295)

Wadicosa darolii (Strand, 1906, T from Pardosa) = Wadicosa sordidecolorata Strand, 1906 (Kronestedt, 2023: 542)

Wadicosa galerita (L. Koch, 1875, T from Pardosa) = Wadicosa fidelis O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872 (Wunderlich, 1992a: 467)

Wadicosa indistinctepicta (Strand, 1907, T from Pardosa) = Wadicosa fidelis O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872 (Yu & Song, 1988c: 117, sub Pardosa venatrix)

Wadicosa irrasa (Roewer, 1959) = Wadicosa oncka Lawrence, 1927 (Kronestedt, 1987: 968, sub Pardosa)

Wadicosa kisokwea (Roewer, 1959) = Wadicosa oncka Lawrence, 1927 (Kronestedt, 1987: 968, sub Pardosa)

Wadicosa kraepelini (Roewer, 1959, removed from S of W. venatrix) = Wadicosa fidelis O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872 (Wunderlich, 1992a: 467, contra Buchar, 1980: 88)

Wadicosa mandlaensis (Gajbe, 2004, T from Evippa) = Wadicosa fidelis O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872 (Sankaran, Caleb & Sebastian, 2021d: 169)

Wadicosa pararmillata (Schenkel, 1963, T from Pardosa) = Wadicosa fidelis O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872 (Yu & Song, 1988c: 117, sub Pardosa venatrix)

Wadicosa resoluta (Roewer, 1959) = Wadicosa oncka Lawrence, 1927 (Kronestedt, 1987: 968, sub Pardosa)

Wadicosa spilota (Pocock, 1903, T from Pardosa) = Wadicosa fidelis O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872 (Alderweireldt & van Harten, 2004: 354)

Wadicosa versuta (Roewer, 1959) = Wadicosa oncka Lawrence, 1927 (Kronestedt, 1987: 968, sub Pardosa)

Wadicosa wittei (Roewer, 1959) = Wadicosa oncka Lawrence, 1927 (Kronestedt, 1987: 968, sub Pardosa)

Nomina dubia:

Wadicosa subvenatrix (Strand, 1908k: 354, f, Ethiopia, originally in Lycosa) -- Wunderlich, 1992a: 468

Wadicosa venatrix (Lucas, 1846: 116, pl. 3, f. 7, mf, North Africa, originally in Lycosa) -- Wunderlich, 1992a: 468

Wadicosa benadira (Caporiacco, 1940) | | Somalia, Kenya urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:018550
Pardosa benadira Caporiacco, 1940c: 770, f. 1 (Dm) Original description
Pardosa benadira Roewer, 1959b: 60, f. 18 (m)
Wadicosa benadira Kronestedt, 2015: 3, f. 1A-C, 2A-D, 3A, D, 4A, D, 5C-D, 7A, 8A, D (Tm from Pardosa, Df)
Wadicosa cognata Kronestedt, 2015 | | Kenya urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047928
Wadicosa cognata Kronestedt, 2015: 6, f. 1E-F, 3B, E, 4B, E, 5A, 6A-B, 7B, 8B, E (Dmf) Original description
Wadicosa commoventa Zyuzin, 1985 | | Iran, Turkmenistan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:019408
Wadicosa commoventa Zyuzin, 1985a: 49, f. 13-14, 17-19 (Dmf) Original description
Wadicosa commoventa Zamani et al., 2017c: 63, f. 4D (m)
Wadicosa daliensis Yin, Peng & Zhang, 1997 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:019409
Wadicosa daliensis Yin, Peng & Zhang, 1997: 99, f. 1-6 (Dmf) Original description
Wadicosa daliensis Yin et al., 1997c: 285, f. 134a-e (mf)
Wadicosa daliensis Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 346, f. 202B, F (mf)
Wadicosa enucleata (Roewer, 1959) | | Ivory Coast, Togo, Nigeria, Central Africa, Kenya, Tanzania, Zambia, Malawi, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, South Africa urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:018633
Pardosa manubriata Lessert, 1936: 282, f. 77-78 (m; misidentified per Kronestedt, 2023: 532)
Pardosa enucleata Roewer, 1959b: 123, f. 62a-b (Df) Original description
Pardosa enucleata Dippenaar-Schoeman et al., 2021l: 21, 1 f. (f)
Wadicosa enucleata Kronestedt, 2023: 532, f. 1F, 2A-C, 3A, D, 4A, D, G, 5A, 6A-B, 7A, D, G (mf, T from Pardosa)
Wadicosa fidelis (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872) | | Macaronesia, North Africa, Southern Europe, Caucasus, Middle East, Central Asia, China, Japan, Pakistan, India, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Philippines, Indonesia (Sumatra) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:019410
Lycosa fidelis O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872: 319 (Dm) Original description
Lycosa galerita L. Koch, 1875b: 69, pl. 7, f. 1 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:058268]
Lycosa galerita Simon, 1876a: 269 (Df)
Lycosa ipnochoera Thorell, 1890c: 138 (Df)
Lycosa birmanica Thorell, 1895b: 242 (Dm) [see Buchar, 1980: 88]
Pardosa spilota Pocock, 1903g: 193 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:018936]
Lycosa indistincte-picta Strand, 1907b: 567 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:058269]
Lycosa subbirmanica Strand, 1909f: 84 (provisional name)
Lycosa indistincte-picta Strand, 1909f: 81, f. 44 (f)
Lycosa birmanica Gravely, 1924: 607, f. 4J (mf) [see Buchar, 1980: 88]
Lycosa birmanica Dyal, 1935: 136, pl. 13, f. 36-37 (mf) [see Buchar, 1980: 88]
Pardosa armillata Schenkel, 1936b: 218, f. 70 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:058266]
Pardosa venatrix Simon, 1937: 1059, 1080, 1128, f. 1637, 1678 (mf, dubious identification, as are later uses)
Lycosa biarmillatana Strand, 1942: 398 (replacement name for P. armillata, preoccupied in Lycosa by Walckenaer, 1837)
Pardosa venatrix Denis, 1947a: 37, pl. 1, f. 11-13 (mf)
Pardosa biarmillata Roewer, 1955c: 160 (lapsus)
Pardosa fidelis Roewer, 1959b: 45, f. 9a-c (m, Df)
Pardosa kraepelini Roewer, 1959b: 51, f. 13a-d (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:058272]
Pardosa venatrix Roewer, 1959b: 55, f. 16a-b (mf)
Pardosa galerita Roewer, 1959b: 64, f. 21a-c (mf, removed from S of P. venatrix)
Pardosa spilota Roewer, 1959b: 147, f. 80a-d (mf)
Pardosa pararmillata Schenkel, 1963: 376, f. 218a-c (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:058273]
Pardosa bhatnagari Sadana, 1971a: 226, f. 1-4 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:058267]
Pardosa birmanica Buchar, 1976: 206, f. 4H (f) [N.B.: assigned to Wadicosa fidelis (sub Pardosa venatrix) by Buchar, 1980: 88, as well as all records of P. birmanica, with exception of the original description; this is probably also true for the records of P. birmanica since 1980]
Pardosa armillata Zyuzin, 1979a: 434, f. 27 (f)
Pardosa birmanica Tikader & Malhotra, 1980: 329, f. 163-167 (mf, S of Lycosa ipnochoera and Pardosa bhatnagari) [misidentified per Kronestedt, 2017b: 295]
Pardosa venatrix Buchar, 1980: 88, f. 28-29 (m, S of Lycosa ipnochoera, Pardosa armillata, P. kraepelini and P. birmanica auct. partly not accepted by later authors) [per Wunderlich, 1992a: 467 close to but not identical with W. fidelis]
Pardosa birmanica Tikader & Biswas, 1981: 52, f. 82-83 (f) [N.B.: assigned here, following Kronestedt, 2017b: 295]
Pardosa armillata Hu, 1984: 233, f. 240.1-4 (mf)
Wadicosa venatrix Zyuzin, 1985a: 49 (T from Pardosa)
Pardosa birmanica Hu & Li, 1987b: 291 (S of Pardosa armillata, rejected by Yu & Song, 1988c: 117) [N.B.: assigned here, following Kronestedt, 2017b: 295]
Pardosa venatrix Yu & Song, 1988c: 117 (S of Pardosa okinawensis, rejected by Tanaka, 2000a: 96, S of Pardosa armillata, P. indistinctepicta and P. pararmillata)
Pardosa armillata Chen & Gao, 1990: 126, f. 155a-b (mf)
Pardosa venatrix Chen & Zhang, 1991: 201, f. 201, 202.1-4 (mf)
Wadicosa fidelis Wunderlich, 1992a: 467, f. 727-728 (mf, T from Pardosa, S of Pardosa galertia and P. kraepelini)
Pardosa birmanica Okuma et al., 1993: 49, f. 44 (f) [N.B.: assigned here, following Kronestedt, 2017b: 295]
Pardosa birmanica Barrion & Litsinger, 1994: 311, f. 1617-1619 (mf) [N.B.: assigned here, following Kronestedt, 2017b: 295]
Pardosa birmanica Barrion & Litsinger, 1995: 386, f. 229a-i, 230a-j (mf) [N.B.: assigned here, following Kronestedt, 2017b: 295]
Pardosa venatrix Pan, 1995: 144, f. 1-3 (mf)
Pardosa venatrix Song, Chen & Zhu, 1997: 1723, f. 28a-c (mf)
Pardosa venatrix Yin et al., 1997c: 286, f. 135a-h (mf)
Wadicosa fidelis Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 346, f. 202C, G (mf)
Wadicosa venatrix Tanaka, 2000a: 96, f. 2 (m)
Pardosa venatrix Hu, 2001: 206, f. 106.1-4 (mf)
Pardosa birmanica Biswas & Raychaudhuri, 2003a: 109, f. 7-13 (mf) [N.B.: assigned here, following Kronestedt, 2017b: 295]
Wadicosa fidelis Marusik, Guseinov & Koponen, 2003b: 63, f. 52-56 (mf)
Wadicosa fidelis Alderweireldt & van Harten, 2004: 354 (S of Pardosa spilota)
Wadicosa fidelis Tso & Chen, 2004: 407, f. 37-38 (f)
Evippa mandlaensis Gajbe, 2004c: 8, f. 6-9 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:040075]
Pardosa birmanica Gajbe, 2007: 499, f. 235-239 (mf) [N.B.: assigned here, following Kronestedt, 2017b: 295]
Wadicosa fidelis Hepner & Paulus, 2009: 343, f. 20-22 (mf)
Wadicosa fidelis Kronestedt & Zyuzin, 2009: 818, f. 1-20 (mf)
Wadicosa fidelis Yin et al., 2012: 863, f. 432a-h (mf)
Wadicosa fidelis Siyam, Dunlop & El-Hennawy, 2015: 269, f. 22-24 (m)
Wadicosa fidelis Kronestedt, 2015: 6, f. 3F, 5B, 6C-D (mf)
Pardosa birmanica Sen et al., 2015: 50, f. 224-228, pl. 15 (f) [N.B.: assigned here, following Kronestedt, 2017b: 295]
Wadicosa fidelis Lu et al., 2016: 137, f. 9A-H, 10A-D, 11A-D, 12E-F) (mf)
Pardosa birmanica Dhali, Saha & Raychaudhuri, 2017: 74, f. 353-357, pl. 25 (f) [N.B.: assigned here, following Kronestedt, 2017b: 295]
Wadicosa fidelis Buchar & Dolejš, 2021: 950, f. 18A-E (mf)
Wadicosa fidelis Wang et al., 2021a: 66, f. 66A-H, 67A-D, 68A-D (mf)
Wadicosa fidelis Sankaran, Caleb & Sebastian, 2021d: 169, f. 10A-C (f, S of Evippa mandlaensis)
Wadicosa fidelis Al-Yacoub & Najim, 2023: 386, f. 6 (m)
Wadicosa fidelis Seropian et al., 2023: 264, f. 68-69 (mf)
Wadicosa fidelis Abdel-Ghani, Hassan & Sallam, 2023: 34, f. 15 (m)
Wadicosa fidelis Quevedo-Ortiz & Pinilla Rosa, 2024b: 175, f. 1b.1-3 (m)
Wadicosa ghatica Kronestedt, 2017 | | India urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:049510
Wadicosa ghatica Kronestedt, 2017b: 296, f. 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15-16 (Dmf) Original description
Wadicosa ghatica Sankaran, Caleb & Sebastian, 2021a: 499, f. 9C, 10C (f)
Wadicosa jocquei Kronestedt, 2015 | | Seychelles, Comoros, Mayotte, Madagascar, Mauritius urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047929
Wadicosa jocquei Kronestedt, 2015: 8, f. 1G-H, 2E-F, 3C, G, 4C, F, 5E, 7C, 8C, F (Dmf) Original description
Wadicosa mabweana (Roewer, 1959) | | Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, DR Congo, Angola, Namibia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:018756
Pardosa mabweana Roewer, 1959b: 112, f. 54a-b (Df) Original description
Wadicosa mabweana Kronestedt, 2023: 537, f. 1K, 2D-F, 3B, E, 4B, E, H, 5B-C, 6C-D, 7B, E, H (Dm, f, T from Pardosa)
Wadicosa manubriata (Simon, 1898) | | DR Congo, Angola, Zambia, Namibia, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, South Africa urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:018764
Pardosa manubriata Simon, 1898a: 358, f. 356 (m)
Pardosa manubriata Simon, 1898f: 31 (Dm) Original description
Pardosa manubriata Lawrence, 1928: 256, pl. 22, f. 36 (m, Df)
Pardosa manubriata Roewer, 1959b: 125, f. 63a-d (mf)
Pardosa manubriata Dippenaar-Schoeman et al., 2021l: 25, 5 f. (mf)
Wadicosa manubriata Kronestedt, 2023: 540, f. 1A-C, G-I, 2G-I, 3C, F, 4C, F, I, 5D, 6E-F, 7C, F, I (mf, T from Pardosa)
Wadicosa okinawensis (Tanaka, 1985) | | Japan (Ryukyu Is.), China (Hainan) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:040932
Pardosa okinawensis Tanaka, 1985: 78, f. 41-44 (Dmf) Original description
Pardosa venatrix Yu & Song, 1988c: 117 (S, rejected)
Pardosa okinawensis Chikuni, 1989b: 116, f. 35 (mf)
Wadicosa okinawensis Tanaka, 2000a: 96, f. 1 (m, removed from S)
Wadicosa okinawensis Tanaka, 2009: 229, f. 44-45 (mf)
Wadicosa okinawensis Wang et al., 2021a: 68, f. 2D-F, 69A-H, 70A-E, 71A-D (mf)
Wadicosa oncka (Lawrence, 1927) | | Africa urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:018825
Pardosa oncka Lawrence, 1927: 51, pl. 2, f. 39 (Df) Original description
Pardosa oncka Lessert, 1933: 137, f. 56-58 (f, Dm)
Pardosa resoluta Roewer, 1959b: 74, f. 29a-b (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:058274]
Pardosa kisokwea Roewer, 1959b: 108, f. 52a-b (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:058271]
Pardosa wittei Roewer, 1959b: 117, f. 58a-b (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:058276]
Pardosa irrasa Roewer, 1959b: 119, f. 59a-d (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:058270]
Pardosa oncka Roewer, 1959b: 121, f. 60a-c (mf)
Pardosa versuta Roewer, 1959b: 142, f. 76a-b (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:058275]
Pardosa oncka Kronestedt, 1987: 968, f. 1-6 (mf, S of Pardosa irrasa, P. kisokwea, P. resoluta, P. versuta and P. wittei)
Pardosa oncka Siyam, Dunlop & El-Hennawy, 2015: 269, f. 19-21 (m)
Wadicosa oncka Kronestedt, 2015: 14 (T from Pardosa)
Wadicosa oncka Dippenaar-Schoeman et al., 2021l: 76, p. 75: 1 f., p. 76: 5 f. (mf)
Wadicosa paulyi Kronestedt, 2017 | | Madagascar urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:049400
Wadicosa paulyi Kronestedt, 2017a: 594, f. 1-10 (Dmf) Original description
Wadicosa prasantae Ahmed, Anam, Saikia, Manthen & Saikia, 2014 | | India urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047493
Wadicosa prasantae Ahmed et al., 2014b: 61, f. 2-12 (Df) Original description
Wadicosa quadrifer (Gravely, 1924) | | India, Sri Lanka urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:019411
Lycosa quadrifer Gravely, 1924: 608, f. 4K (Dmf; for the ending of the specific epithet see ICZN Article 31.2.2) Original description
Pardosa quadrifer Roewer, 1955c: 184
Lycosa quadrifer Tikader & Malhotra, 1980: 422, f. 324-326 (mf, T from Pardosa)
Wadicosa quadrifer Kronestedt, 1993a: 314, f. 1-6 (mf, T from Lycosa, after Kronestedt, 1987: 975)
Wadicosa quadrifera Kronestedt, 2017b: 296, f. 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 17-18 (mf)
Wadicosa quadrifera Caleb, 2020b: 15727, f. 12A-G, 26N-O (f)
Wadicosa russellsmithi Kronestedt, 2015 | | Mauritius urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047930
Wadicosa russellsmithi Kronestedt, 2015: 15, f. 1D, 3H, 7D (Df) Original description
Wadicosa sordidecolorata (Strand, 1906) | | Ivory Coast, Cameroon, Ethiopia, Uganda urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:018933
Lycosa darolii Strand, 1906b: 678 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:018611]
Lycosa sordide-colorata Strand, 1906b: 677 (Df) Original description
Lycosa darolii Strand, 1908k: 354, pl. 8, f. 9 (f)
Lycosa sordidecolorata Strand, 1908k: 349, pl. 8, f. 16 (f, Dm)
Pardosa sordidecolorata Roewer, 1955c: 181
Pardosa darolii Roewer, 1959b: 63, f. 29 (f)
Pardosa sordidecolorata Roewer, 1959b: 75, f. 30a-d (mf)
Wadicosa sordidecolorata Kronestedt, 2023: 542, f. 5E, 8A-C, 9A-I (mf, T from Pardosa, S of Pardosa darolii)

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